Kompas.com - 04/07/2020, 12:48 WIB
Fika Nurul Ulya,
Bambang P. Jatmiko
Tim Redaksi
Lihat Foto
Ilustrasi bank(Thinkstockphotos.com)
JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - Desas-desus peleburan fungsi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) kembali ke Bank Indonesia kembali mencuat dan dikaitkan dengan kemarahan Presiden RI Joko Widodo saat membuka sidang kabinet paripurna di Istana Negara beberapa waktu lalu.
Sebetulnya, kerentanan pengawasan bank di bawah OJK telah dikaji pada tahun 2010 silam oleh Tim Kerjasama Penelitian Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis (FEB) Universitas Gadjah Mada & Fakultas Ekonomi (FE) Universitas Indonesia.
Kajian itu terbit pada 23 Agustus 2010 jauh sebelum OJK resmi mengambil peran sebagai lembaga pengawas. OJK secara resmi mengambil peran pada tahun 2013, sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK).
Baca juga:Kekurangan Pengawasan Bank di Luar BI Telah Dikaji Sebelum OJK Dibentuk
Mengutip dokumen kajian, Sabtu (4/7/2020) para peneliti menyarankan lembaga pengawasan perbankan sebaiknya tetap dilaksanakan Bank Sentral, yakni Bank Indonesia.
Ada beberapa alasan yang dikemukakan, salah satunya untuk mencegah risiko krisis yang disebabkan karena pengawasan tidak optimal berada di banyak lembaga. Sedangkan sistem terpadu menunjukkan adanya sentralisasi pengawasan.
Sebagai penguat, hasil kajian memberi contoh kasus dari negara-negara lain yang mengedepankan peran bank sentral dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan, khususnya sektor perbankan.
Perancis
Pada 21 Januari 2010, pemerintah Perancis menetapkan Prudential Supervision Authority/ACP. ACP merupakan otoritas independen yang bertugas untuk menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan.
Otoritas dibentuk dari merger antara badan perizinan Prancis dengan otoritas pengawasan sektor perbankan dan asuransi.
Otoritas tersebut berada di bawah bank sentral Prancis, Banque de France. Chairman ACP adalah Gubernur Bank Sentral, sedangkan wakilnya dari industri asuransi.
Tujuan dibentuknya ACP adalah untuk membentuk koneksi yang erat antara prudential supervision dengan fungsi utama pada bank sentral. Hubungan erat penting dalam mengambil keputusan saat krisis karena bank sentral memiliki info penting dari seluruh lembaga.
Untuk menentukan hubungan yang erat, gubernur bank sentral menetapkan ACP tidak memiliki kapasitas hukum untuk membuat kontrak atau perjanjian sendiri. Kontrak/perjanjian harus ditandatangani oleh bank sentral. Semua ketentuan pegawai pun mengikuti bank sentral.
Inggris
Pemerintah Inggris membubarkan Financial Service Authority (FSA), dan pengawasan perbankan kembali le Bank of England (BoE).
Seiring dengan hal itu, Bank of England menjadi pelaksana makroprudensial supervision dan oversight micro prudential dengan dibentuknya 3 lembaga baru, 1 komite, dan 1 komisi.
Komite yang dimaksud adalah Financial Policy Committee (FCP) yang bertanggung jawab untuk memonitor secara menyeluruh isu keuangan dan makro ekonomi yang mengancam stabilitas sistem keuangan dan mengidentifikasi risiko yang timbul. FCP dipimpin oleh Gubernur BoE yang dibantu oleh anggota independen.
sem*ntara itu, banking commision (komisi perbankan) bertanggung jawab dalam menyusun kajian mengenai upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko sistemik dalam sistem perbankan.
Dua lembaga yang terpisah dari BoE bertugas menangani masalah kriminal di bidang ekonomi termasuk melakukan penyidikan terhadap indikasi kejahatan.
Tanggung jawabnya berupa perlindungan investor, pengawasan regulasi pasar, dan pengawasan perilaku terhadap usaha bank dan jasa keuangan.
Jerman
Federal Banking Supervisory Office (FBSO) menjadi lembaga/otoritas independen yang bertanggung jawab pada Federal Minister of Economics dan memulai kegiatannya pada tahun 1962.
Dengan adanya peraturan terkait pengawasan terintegrasi pada 1 Mei 2002, maka FBSO, Federal Supervisory Office for Insurance Enterprises, serta Federal Supervisory Office for Securities Trading digabungkan dan membentuk German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority/BaFin.
Khusus untuk pengawasan bank, BaFin membagi tugasnya dengan bank sentral Jerman yaitu Deutsche Bundesbank.
Kerjasama diatur dalam Banking Act yang menetapkan Bundesbank sebagai bagian dari proses pengawasan, menganalisis laporan bank secara reguler yang laporan evaluasi ini selanjutnya diserahkan pada BaFin.
Bundesbank pula yang menetapkan peraturan umum seperti prinsip-prinsip dan peraturan perbankan terkait.
Negara-negara Skandinavia
Selain 4 negara di atas, masih ada negara-negara di Skandinaviayang menganut sistem pengawasan tunggal.
"Pengalaman memperlihatkan tidak ada struktur pengawasan yang menghilangkan pengawasan perbankan dari bank sentral, dengan pertimbangan bank sentral memiliki keahlian dalam mengawasi sektor perbankan," tulis hasil kajian tersebut.
Pengalaman Jepang
Cerita berbeda dialami oleh Jepang terkait pemisahan regulator industri keuangan dengan bank sentral.
Pemerintah Jepang membentuk FSA pada tahun 1998. FSA bertanggung jawab mengawasi dan mengatur perbankan, pasar modal, dan asuransi.
Struktur pengawasan tunggal yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah Jepang dengan membentuk FSA terbukti cukup berhasil dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan.
Salah satu faktor pendukung yang memegang peranan kunci dalam keberhasilan adalah adanya koordinasi yang kuat, baik antar lembaga di bawah FSA maupun lembaga lain di luar FSA.
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Tag
- OJK
- bank indonesia
- Isu Peleburan OJK, Gara-gara Kasus Jiwasraya hingga Kinerja Selama Covid-19
- Mengenai Isu Pemangkasan Fungsi Pengawasan OJK, Ini Tanggapan Kemenkeu
- Isu Peleburan ke BI Kembali Mencuat, OJK: Enggak Boleh Mengandai-andai
- OJK: Pengukuran Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Mengacu Pada Standar Internasional
Video rekomendasi
Video lainnya
Pilihan Untukmu
`); var wSpecStop = createElementFromHTML(`
Konten disembunyikan.
Muat ulang halaman untuk perbarui rekomendasi.
`); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonShare').setAttribute('data-title', item.title); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonShare').setAttribute('data-url', itemUrl); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonShare').setAttribute('data-campaign', 'AIML_Widget_Desktop'); let userFeedback = new UserFeedback(resultObj.engine['tracker_algsrc'], itemUrl + tracker_params, jxRecHelper, index); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonBookmark').addEventListener('click', function() { do_bookmark(itemUrl, index, userFeedback); }); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonShare').addEventListener('click', function() { userFeedback.event('share'); }); reactionPopup.querySelector('.buttonNotInterest').addEventListener('click', function() { if (getCookie('kmps_usrid')) { hideThisArt(this); userFeedback.event('not-interested'); } else { const parentAction = this.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement if (!!parentAction) { let indexElement = parentAction.getAttribute('data-index') if (indexElement != 'undefined') { localStorage.setItem('reaction_not_interest_temp', JSON.stringify({ urlpage: items[indexElement].url })) } } window.location.href = "https://account.kompas.com/login/a29tcGFz/" + btoa(window.location.href); } }); /** * trigger action "userFeedback" that user not interest item before, when not interest without login */ if (getCookie('kmps_usrid') && localStorage.getItem('reaction_not_interest_temp')) { const tempUrlNotInterest = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('reaction_not_interest_temp')) if (itemUrl == tempUrlNotInterest.urlpage) { userFeedback.event('not-interested'); localStorage.removeItem('reaction_not_interest_temp'); } } wSpecStop.querySelector('.wSpec-stop-undo').addEventListener('click', function() { showThisArt(this); userFeedback.event('un-not-interested'); }); recItem.appendChild(buttonOption); recItem.appendChild(reactionPopup); recItem.appendChild(wSpecStop); } var recItemWrapperA = createElement('a', null, null, null); recItemWrapperA.setAttribute('href', itemUrl + tracker_params); var titleDiv = createElement('h4', null, null, [cssClasses.title]); var titleTextNode = document.createTextNode(item.title); if (item.itemType == 'video') { var iconVideo = createElement('div', null, null, ['icoInline', 'icoVideo']); iconVideo.style.marginRight = '5px'; titleDiv.appendChild(iconVideo); } titleDiv.appendChild(titleTextNode); var sourceDiv = null; if (item.hasOwnProperty('method')) { sourceDiv = createElement('div', null, null, [cssClasses.source], resultObj.engine['type'] + ' . ' + item.method.toUpperCase()); } else { var sourceDiv = createElement('div', null, null, [cssClasses.source], resultObj.engine['type']); } var textWrapper = createElement('div', null, null, [cssClasses.text_wrapper]); textWrapper.appendChild(categoryDiv); textWrapper.appendChild(titleDiv); textWrapper.appendChild(sourceDiv); recItemWrapper.appendChild(imgWrapper); recItemWrapper.appendChild(textWrapper); recItemWrapperA.appendChild(recItemWrapper); recItem.appendChild(recItemWrapperA); widgetWrapper.appendChild(recItem); // hook up the click handler for this item // recItem.onclick = handleClick.bind(null, jxRecHelper, itemUrl + tracker_params, index); recItemWrapperA.onclick = handleClick.bind(null, jxRecHelper, itemUrl + tracker_params, index); }); } // end while var endDate = new Date(); var loadtime = (endDate.getTime() - startDate.getTime()); trackEventGa('AIML Article Recommendation', 'Content Loaded', 'algsrc='+algsrc+',site=MONEY,device=desktop,loadtime=' + loadtime) let domain = window.location.hostname; if(domain=='www.kompas.com'){ var url=window.location.href.split("/"); domain=url[2]+'/'+url[3] } let user_subs_type = "Gues"; let subs_type = ""; let is_lgn = 0; let engine = algsrc; if(getCookie('kmps_usrid')){is_lgn=1}; let time_load = loadtime; resolve(); /*** * JXRECSDK NOTES 3 of 5 - * pass all the info about the items to the rec helper * each one is an object: ALL MANDATORY * div * id * pos */ jxRecHelper.items(widgetItemArr); /*** * JXRECSDK NOTES 4 of 5 - * Call the ready() of the helper object when the recommendation * results have been populated to the widget * (This will register the action=ready event) */ if (resultObj.engine['type'] == 'api-1') { jxRecHelper.ready(resultObj.options.algo + ":" + resultObj.options.version); } else { jxRecHelper.ready(resultObj.engine['type']); } } else { jxRecHelper.error(204); console.error("Error: no recommendation items"); return; } } catch (err) { jxRecHelper.error(901); console.log(err.stack); let domain = window.location.hostname; if(domain=='www.kompas.com'){ var url=window.location.href.split("/"); domain=url[2]+'/'+url[3] } let user_subs_type = "Gues"; let subs_type = "" let is_lgn = 0; let engine = algsrc; if(getCookie('kmps_usrid')){is_lgn=1}; let endDate = new Date(); let time_load = (endDate.getTime() - startDate.getTime()); } }); } const _jxRecSdkURL = 'https://scripts.jixie.media/jxrecsdk.1.0.min.js'; var startDate = new Date(); class OneWidget { constructor() { //this is also the one we will pass to the JX rec helper object when //we instantiate it: //In this implementation most of these come from the options obj //on the publisher page. this._options = { accountid: '9262bf2590d558736cac4fff7978fcb1', pageurl: 'https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/07/04/124800726/negara-negara-ini-jalankan-sistem-pengawasan-bank-di-bawah-bank-sentral', widget_id: '1000183-6xWeiWZFIM', type: 'pages', container: 'rekomendasi-konten-pilihan-untukmu-aiml', keywords: content_tags, title: title, customid: "26", count: 14, }; this._containerId = this._options.container; this._container = document.getElementById(this._containerId); this._engines = [{"url":"https:\/\/recommendation.kgdata.dev\/rec\/kompascom\/api\/v2\/recommendation\/item","method":"POST","pageurl":"https:\/\/money.kompas.com\/read\/2020\/07\/04\/124800726\/negara-negara-ini-jalankan-sistem-pengawasan-bank-di-bawah-bank-sentral","system":"kg","type":"api-2","tracker_params":"?source=widgetML&engine=C","tracker_algsrc":"C","count":14,"page_status":"read","excludeitemids":["20200704124800726"],"multiFormat":true}]; } kickOff() { startDate = new Date(); const rand = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); /*const randSystem = Math.floor(Math.random() * 3); this._engine = this._engines[randSystem] if (location.hostname.indexOf('lestari') != -1) { this._engine = this._engines[1] }*/ this._engine = this._engines[0]; this._options.system = this._engine['system'] trackEventGa('AIML Article Recommendation', 'Widget load', 'algsrc=' + this._engine['tracker_algsrc'] + ',site=MONEY,device=desktop') let promJXSDK = fetchJSFileP(_jxRecSdkURL); let thisObj = this; // first we wait on the JX REC SDK to be loaded and initialized let recHelperObj = null; let recResults = null; promJXSDK .then(function() { /*** * JXRECSDK NOTES 1 of 5 - INSTANTIATION OF A JX REC HELPER OBJECT * Call this AFTER JX REC SDK is loaded but BEFORE you call your REC * backend. * * param: MANDATORY options object * options object must at a minimal have * accountid: get from jixie * widgetid: get from jixie * container: DIV ID of the destination div to house the widget * (for jixie widget this is just the options object passed from the page) * * (This will also register the action=load event) */ recHelperObj = jxRecMgr.createJxRecHelper(thisObj._options); let basicInfo = thisObj._options; basicInfo.engine = thisObj._engine if (basicInfo.engine.type == 'api-1') { var options = { count: basicInfo['count'], adpositions: "", keywords: basicInfo['keywords'], title: basicInfo['title'], date_published: "2020-07-04", pagecategory: "MONEY", algo: "mixed" }; if(getCookie('kmps_usrid')){ var kg = { pagetype:basicInfo.engine.page_status, uid:getCookie('kmps_usrid'), ukid:getCookie('kmp_uid') } if(basicInfo.engine.page_status=='read'){ kg['excludeitemids'] = basicInfo.engine.excludeitemids; kg['multiFormat'] = true; } options['additional'] = { kg:kg }; } return recHelperObj.getJxRecommendations(options); } else { return fetchRecommendationsP(basicInfo, recHelperObj.getJxUserInfo()); } }) .then(function(resp) { if (thisObj._engine.type == 'api-3') { recResults = new Object recResults.items = resp.docs.result; } else { recResults = resp; } recResults.engine = thisObj._engine; if (!resp || !recResults.items || recResults.items.length == 0) { /*** * JXRECSDK NOTES 2 of 5 - * Call the error() function on the recHelper when either an error * has occured in the fetching or there are no recommended items * * (This will register the action=error event) */ recHelperObj.error(204); throw "no recommendation results"; } }) .then(function() { // everything is ready (recommendation results, css): document.getElementById("rekomendasi-konten-pilihan-untukmu-aiml").classList.remove("-loading"); document.querySelector('.wSpec-list').remove(); createDisplay(rand, thisObj._container, recResults, recHelperObj) .then(function() { toggleDropdown(); //observe lozad lozad('.lozad', { load: function(el) { el.src = el.dataset.src; el.onload = function() { el.classList.add('fade') } } }).observe() }) }) .catch(function(error) { console.log(`Unable to create recommendations widget ${error.stack} ${error.message}`); }); } } var limit_gtm_ready = 1; function check_gtm_ready() { if ('ga' in window) { // create a new instance of our widget based on the options const newW = new OneWidget(); newW.kickOff(); } else { const timeout_gtm_ready = setTimeout(check_gtm_ready, 500) limit_gtm_ready += 1; if (limit_gtm_ready > 10) { clearTimeout(timeout_gtm_ready); const newW = new OneWidget(); newW.kickOff(); } } } check_gtm_ready() document.querySelector('.wSpec-secret').addEventListener('click', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); let wSl = document.querySelectorAll('.wSpec-source'); if (wSl.length > 0) { for (let i = 0; i < wSl.length; i++) { wSl[i].classList.toggle('show') } } }) function trackEventGa(category, action, label) { if ("ga" in window) { ga(function() { tracker = ga.getAll()[0]; if (tracker) { tracker.send("event", category, action, label); console.log('track event ', category, action, label) } }) } } function formBody(obj) { let formBody = []; for (var property in obj) { let encodedKey = encodeURIComponent(property); let encodedValue = encodeURIComponent(obj[property]); formBody.push(encodedKey + "=" + encodedValue); } return formBody.join("&"); } function getCookie(name) { var name = name + '='; var cookies = decodeURIComponent(document.cookie).split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) { var c = cookies[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') { c = c.substring(1); } if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) { return c.substring(name.length, c.length); } } } function get_guid(url) { const videoPath = url.match(/\/watch\/(\d+)/); if (videoPath) { return `video.${videoPath[1]}`; } let arrayUrl = url.split('/'); let readPath = arrayUrl.indexOf('read'); if (arrayUrl[readPath + 1] == 'xml') { readPath += 1; } let year = arrayUrl[readPath + 1]; let month = arrayUrl[readPath + 2]; let date = arrayUrl[readPath + 3]; let id = arrayUrl[readPath + 4]; let guid = `.xml.${year}.${month}.${date}.${id}`; return guid; } function toggleDropdown() { let tdd = document.querySelectorAll('[data-dropdown]') if (!!tdd) { tdd.forEach((el) => { el.addEventListener('click', function() { el.parentElement.classList.toggle('-active') let saved = el.parentElement.getAttribute('data-saved') let kmps_usrid = getCookie('kmps_usrid'); if (kmps_usrid && !saved && el.parentElement.classList.contains('-active')) { let url = el.parentElement.getAttribute('data-url'); let guid = get_guid(url); check_bookmark( kmps_usrid, guid ).then(function(resp) { if (resp.hasOwnProperty('total_data')) { if (resp.total_data > 0) { el.parentElement.querySelector('.buttonBookmark').classList.add('-active'); el.parentElement.querySelector('.buttonBookmark').innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; el.parentElement.setAttribute('data-saved', 'true'); } else { el.parentElement.setAttribute('data-saved', 'false'); } } }) } }) document.addEventListener("click", function(e) { // console.log(e.target) if (el.contains(e.target)) { // console.log(tdd) } else { el.parentElement.classList.remove('-active') } }); }); } } function check_bookmark(kmps_usrid, guid) { let url = `https://api.kompas.com/2021/reaction/bookmark/list?kmps_usrid=${kmps_usrid}&guid=${guid}`; return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) { resolve(JSON.parse(this.responseText)) } }; xmlhttp.open("GET", url, true); xmlhttp.send(); }); } function do_bookmark(pageurl, pos, userFeedback) { const wSpecItem = document.querySelector(`.wSpec-item[data-index="${pos}"]`); const btnBookmark = wSpecItem.querySelector('.buttonBookmark'); const kmps_usrid = getCookie('kmps_usrid'); const guid = get_guid(pageurl); const type = pageurl.match(/\/watch\/(\d+)/) ? 'video' : 'article'; if (kmps_usrid) { if (btnBookmark.classList.contains('-active')) { set_unbookmark({ guid: guid, kmps_usrid: kmps_usrid, type: type }).then(function(resp) { btnBookmark.classList.remove('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Simpan artikel'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil dihapus dari list yang disimpan'); userFeedback.event('un-save'); }).catch(function(resp) { // message: "Data doesn't exists" if (resp.hasOwnProperty('message') && resp.message.includes('exist')) { btnBookmark.classList.remove('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Simpan artikel'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil dihapus dari list yang disimpan'); } }) } else { const user_bookmark_url = "https://activity.kompas.com/saved?order=desc"; set_bookmark({ guid: guid, kmps_usrid: kmps_usrid, type: type, publisher: 'kompas', platform: 'desktop' }).then(function(resp) { btnBookmark.classList.add('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil disimpan', user_bookmark_url); userFeedback.event('save'); }).catch(function(resp) { // message: "Data already exist" if (resp.hasOwnProperty('message') && resp.message.includes('exist')) { btnBookmark.classList.add('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil disimpan', user_bookmark_url); } }) } } else { const login_url = "https://account.kompas.com/login/a29tcGFz/" + btoa(window.location.href); window.location.href = login_url; } } function set_bookmark(data) { const url = "https://api.kompas.com/2021/reaction/bookmark/add"; return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 201) { resolve(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 400) { reject(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } }; xmlhttp.open("POST", url, true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); xmlhttp.send(formBody(data)); }); } function set_unbookmark(data) { const url = "https://api.kompas.com/2021/reaction/bookmark/delete"; return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) { resolve(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 400) { reject(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } }; xmlhttp.open("POST", url, true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); xmlhttp.send(formBody(data)); }); } class UserFeedback { constructor(engine, pageurl, jxRecHelper, pos) { this.engine = engine; this.pageurl = pageurl; this.jxRecHelper = jxRecHelper; this.pos = pos; } event(feedback) { if (this.engine == 'C') { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); let params = { domain: 'kompas.com', ce_userid: getCookie('kmps_usrid'), ce_sessionid: getCookie('ukid'), ce_pageurl: this.pageurl, engine: 'C', ce_feedback: feedback } xmlhttp.open("GET", 'https://apis.kgdata.dev/v1/aiml/feedback-widgetml' + formatParams(params)); xmlhttp.send(); } else if (this.engine == 'V') { if (feedback == 'share') { this.jxRecHelper.shared(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'save') { this.jxRecHelper.bookmarked(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'not-interested') { this.jxRecHelper.hidden(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'un-not-interested') { this.jxRecHelper.unhidden(this.pos); } } } } function formatParams(params) { return "?" + Object .keys(params) .map(function(key) { return key + "=" + encodeURIComponent(params[key]) }) .join("&") } document.addEventListener("click", function(e){ let dx = document.querySelectorAll('[data-dropdown]') if(dx) { dx.forEach(function(el){ if(el.contains(e.target)) { el.parentElement.classList.toggle('-active') } else { el.parentElement.classList.remove('-active') } }) } })
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Berita Terkait
Isu Peleburan OJK, Gara-gara Kasus Jiwasraya hingga Kinerja Selama Covid-19
Mengenai Isu Pemangkasan Fungsi Pengawasan OJK, Ini Tanggapan Kemenkeu
Isu Peleburan ke BI Kembali Mencuat, OJK: Enggak Boleh Mengandai-andai
OJK: Pengukuran Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Mengacu Pada Standar Internasional
I am an expert in financial regulations and banking supervision with a deep understanding of the topics discussed in the provided article. The article from Kompas.com, dated 04/07/2020, discusses rumors about the merger of the functions of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) back to Bank Indonesia. This is associated with President Joko Widodo's displeasure during a recent cabinet meeting. The article delves into the vulnerability of bank supervision under OJK, which was studied in 2010 by the Faculty of Economics and Business Research Cooperation Team at Gadjah Mada University and the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia.
The study, dated August 23, 2010, suggests that banking supervision should remain the responsibility of the central bank, Bank Indonesia. It provides reasons, including preventing crisis risks due to suboptimal supervision across multiple institutions. The study emphasizes the importance of centralized supervision for effective risk management. It cites examples from other countries, such as France, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Scandinavian nations, which prioritize the role of central banks in maintaining financial stability, particularly in the banking sector.
The article further discusses the experiences of countries like France, where the Prudential Supervision Authority (ACP) was established under the central bank (Banque de France), and the UK, which dissolved the Financial Services Authority (FSA) and returned banking supervision to the Bank of England. Germany's Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin) and the integrated supervisory system in Scandinavian countries are also highlighted. Additionally, it explores Japan's different approach in separating the financial industry regulator from the central bank.
Overall, the article provides a comparative analysis of various countries' approaches to banking supervision, emphasizing the importance of a strong and centralized regulatory framework for maintaining financial stability.
